Is it magnetic?
55 materials and whether a magnet sticks. Only 9 of them are ferromagnetic, which is the property a household magnet detects — everything else is either far too weakly attracted to notice or very slightly repelled.
The stainless steel trap
The most repeated magnet myth is that a magnet not sticking proves something is real stainless steel. It does not. Austenitic stainless — 304 and 316, the grades used for kitchens and marine work — is non-magnetic, while ferritic and martensitic stainless — 430, 410, most cheap cutlery — is magnetic and is still perfectly genuine stainless steel. Cold working austenitic stainless partly converts it, so the same sink can be magnetic at a pressed corner and non-magnetic in the flat.
What a magnet does stick to
| Material | Why |
|---|---|
| iron | The archetype. Iron is what "magnetic" means in ordinary use, and it loses the property entirely above 770 °C, its Curie point. |
| nickel | One of only three elements ferromagnetic at room temperature, along with iron and cobalt. |
| mild steel | Strongly attracted. Plain carbon steel is the material most people mean by "magnetic metal". |
| high-carbon steel | Strongly attracted. |
| tool steel | Strongly attracted. |
| gray cast iron | Strongly attracted, which is why cast iron works on an induction hob and aluminium does not. |
| ductile iron | Strongly attracted. |
| wrought iron | Strongly attracted. |
| tungsten carbide | Attracted, but not because of the carbide — the cobalt binder holding the carbide grains together is ferromagnetic. A magnet sticks to a tungsten carbide ring for that reason. |
Everything
| Material | Magnet test | Why |
|---|---|---|
| mild steel | A magnet sticks to it | Strongly attracted. Plain carbon steel is the material most people mean by "magnetic metal". |
| aluminum | A magnet does not stick to it | A magnet will not stick. A magnet *moved past* aluminium induces eddy currents and drags noticeably, which is how recycling plants separate it from other metals. |
| water | Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it | Diamagnetic. A sufficiently strong magnetic field will levitate water, and famously a live frog, which is mostly water. |
| copper | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted at all. A magnet dropped down a copper tube still falls slowly, which is eddy-current braking and not magnetism. |
| gold | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted, which is one of the quick tests against gold-plated steel. |
| titanium | Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it | Paramagnetic — very weakly attracted, far too weakly for a fridge magnet to detect. This is why titanium implants are usually MRI-compatible. |
| concrete | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted — but a magnet or a metal detector finds the reinforcing bar inside it, which is how rebar scanners work. |
| stainless steel 304 | A magnet does not stick to it | A magnet does not stick to annealed 304 — it is austenitic. Cold working it, by bending or deep-drawing, converts some austenite to martensite and makes it partly magnetic, which is why a 304 sink can be magnetic at the pressed corners and not in the flat. |
| iron | A magnet sticks to it | The archetype. Iron is what "magnetic" means in ordinary use, and it loses the property entirely above 770 °C, its Curie point. |
| air | Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it | Oxygen is paramagnetic, so air is very slightly attracted — liquid oxygen visibly sticks to a magnet. |
| ice | Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it | Diamagnetic like liquid water. |
| lead | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| tungsten | Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it | Paramagnetic and undetectable with a household magnet. |
| brass | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. A magnet is the quickest way to tell brass from brass-plated steel. |
| pine | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| silver | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| gray cast iron | A magnet sticks to it | Strongly attracted, which is why cast iron works on an induction hob and aluminium does not. |
| diamond | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| high-carbon steel | A magnet sticks to it | Strongly attracted. |
| stainless steel 316 | A magnet does not stick to it | Austenitic like 304, and slightly less prone to becoming magnetic when cold worked because of its higher nickel content. |
| granite | Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it | Weakly attracted where it contains magnetite, and some granites are noticeably magnetic while others are not. Geologists use exactly this to map rock types from the air. |
| aluminum 6061 | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| soda-lime glass | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| PTFE | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| marble | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| unidirectional carbon fibre composite | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| rigid PVC | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| fibreglass (GRP) | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| bronze | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| natural rubber | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| paper | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| mercury | Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it | Diamagnetic — very slightly repelled by a strong magnet. |
| aluminum 7075 | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| tungsten carbide | A magnet sticks to it | Attracted, but not because of the carbide — the cobalt binder holding the carbide grains together is ferromagnetic. A magnet sticks to a tungsten carbide ring for that reason. |
| silicone rubber | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| zinc | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| magnesium | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| tool steel | A magnet sticks to it | Strongly attracted. |
| graphite | Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it | Diamagnetic, and unusually strongly so — a thin flake of pyrolytic graphite will levitate above strong magnets at room temperature. |
| reinforced concrete | A magnet does not stick to it | The concrete is not, the rebar inside it is. |
| red oak | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| tin-lead solder (60/40) | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| platinum | Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it | Paramagnetic. A magnet does not stick. |
| tin | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy | Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it | Paramagnetic. Not detectable with a household magnet, which is what makes it usable for implants. |
| nickel | A magnet sticks to it | One of only three elements ferromagnetic at room temperature, along with iron and cobalt. |
| lead-free solder (SAC305) | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| chromium | Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it | Antiferromagnetic at room temperature — a magnet does not stick. |
| silicon carbide | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| leather | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| wrought iron | A magnet sticks to it | Strongly attracted. |
| ductile iron | A magnet sticks to it | Strongly attracted. |
| Inconel 718 | Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it | Essentially non-magnetic at room temperature despite being nickel-based, because the alloying suppresses ferromagnetic ordering. |
| pewter | A magnet does not stick to it | Not attracted. |
| Monel 400 | Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it | Weakly magnetic and close to its Curie point at room temperature, so its behaviour changes noticeably with a small temperature change. |
- Is mild steel magnetic? A magnet sticks to it
- Is aluminum magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is water magnetic? Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it
- Is copper magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is gold magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is titanium magnetic? Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it
- Is concrete magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is stainless steel 304 magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is iron magnetic? A magnet sticks to it
- Is air magnetic? Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it
- Is ice magnetic? Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it
- Is lead magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is tungsten magnetic? Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it
- Is brass magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is pine magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is silver magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is gray cast iron magnetic? A magnet sticks to it
- Is diamond magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is high-carbon steel magnetic? A magnet sticks to it
- Is stainless steel 316 magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is granite magnetic? Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it
- Is aluminum 6061 magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is soda-lime glass magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is ptfe magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is marble magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is unidirectional carbon fibre composite magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is rigid pvc magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is fibreglass (grp) magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is bronze magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is natural rubber magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is paper magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is mercury magnetic? Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it
- Is aluminum 7075 magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is tungsten carbide magnetic? A magnet sticks to it
- Is silicone rubber magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is zinc magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is magnesium magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is tool steel magnetic? A magnet sticks to it
- Is graphite magnetic? Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it
- Is reinforced concrete magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is red oak magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is tin-lead solder (60/40) magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is platinum magnetic? Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it
- Is tin magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is ti-6al-4v titanium alloy magnetic? Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it
- Is nickel magnetic? A magnet sticks to it
- Is lead-free solder (sac305) magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is chromium magnetic? Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it
- Is silicon carbide magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is leather magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is wrought iron magnetic? A magnet sticks to it
- Is ductile iron magnetic? A magnet sticks to it
- Is inconel 718 magnetic? Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it
- Is pewter magnetic? A magnet does not stick to it
- Is monel 400 magnetic? Barely — you would need a laboratory to detect it
Common questions
- Is stainless steel magnetic?
- It depends on the grade. 304 and 316, the common kitchen and marine grades, are austenitic and non-magnetic. 430 and 410 are ferritic and martensitic and are magnetic. Both are genuinely stainless steel, so the magnet test does not tell you whether something is stainless.
- Is aluminium magnetic?
- No — a magnet will not stick. A magnet moved past aluminium does drag noticeably, because the changing field induces eddy currents in it. That is a different effect and is how recycling plants separate aluminium from other waste.
- Which metals are magnetic?
- Iron, nickel and cobalt, and alloys containing enough of them. Everything else is either paramagnetic — attracted far too weakly to notice — or diamagnetic, very slightly repelled.