File types

What a file extension means and which program opens it, for every format you are likely to be sent. Listed by what the file actually is, not by which company made it.

3D and CAD

• .stl Stereolithography Model
• .obj Wavefront OBJ Model
• .fbx Filmbox 3D Scene
• .gcode G-code Toolpath
• .blend Blender Project
• .3mf 3D Manufacturing Format
• .3ds 3D Studio Model

Archives

• .zip ZIP Archive
• .rar RAR Archive
• .7z 7-Zip Archive
• .gz Gzip Compressed File
• .tar Tape Archive
• .tgz Gzipped Tar Archive
• .xz XZ Compressed File
• .bz2 Bzip2 Compressed File
• .sfx Self-Extracting Archive Module

Audio

• .mp3 MPEG-1 Audio Layer III
• .wav Waveform Audio File
• .m4a MPEG-4 Audio
• .flac Free Lossless Audio Codec
• .aac Advanced Audio Coding
• .ogg Ogg Vorbis Audio
• .opus Opus Audio
• .mid MIDI Sequence
• .m3u Media Playlist
• .wma Windows Media Audio
• .aiff Audio Interchange File Format
• .m4b MPEG-4 Audiobook
• .amr Adaptive Multi-Rate Audio
• .caf Core Audio Format

CAD

• .dwg AutoCAD Drawing
• .dxf Drawing Exchange Format
• .step STEP 3D Model

Code and scripts

• .html HyperText Markup Language
• .js JavaScript Source
• .css Cascading Style Sheet
• .py Python Source
• .java Java Source
• .tsx TypeScript Source (JSX)
• .cpp C++ Source
• .php PHP Source
• .c C Source
• .cs C# Source
• .go Go Source
• .rs Rust Source
• .rb Ruby Source

Data

• .csv Comma-Separated Values
• .json JavaScript Object Notation
• .xml Extensible Markup Language
• .yaml YAML Data File
• .log Log File
• .torrent BitTorrent Metainfo File
• .dat Generic Data File
• .vcf vCard Contact File
• .sql SQL Script
• .ics iCalendar Event
• .sqlite SQLite Database
• .db Generic Database File
• .bin Binary File
• .bak Backup File
• .ini Initialisation / Configuration File
• .tmp Temporary File
• .tsv Tab-Separated Values
• .accdb Microsoft Access Database
• .gpx GPS Exchange Format
• .cfg Configuration File
• .crdownload Chrome Partial Download
• .kmz Google Earth Placemark Archive
• .pem PEM Certificate or Key
• .gitignore Git Ignore File
• .lnk Windows Shortcut
• .toml Tom's Obvious Minimal Language
• .parquet Apache Parquet
• .mdb Microsoft Access Database (legacy)
• .env Environment Variable File
• .reg Windows Registry File
• .jsonl JSON Lines
• .part Partial Download
• .ds_store macOS Desktop Services Store
• .geojson GeoJSON
• .pfx PKCS #12 Certificate Bundle
• .url Internet Shortcut
• .lock Lock File
• .ndjson Newline-Delimited JSON
• .csr Certificate Signing Request
• .avro Apache Avro

Disk images

• .iso ISO Disc Image
• .dmg Apple Disk Image
• .vmdk Virtual Machine Disk
• .cue Cue Sheet

Documents

• .pdf Portable Document Format
• .docx Word Document (Open XML)
• .xlsx Excel Workbook (Open XML)
• .pptx PowerPoint Presentation (Open XML)
• .txt Plain Text File
• .doc Word Document (legacy binary)
• .xls Excel Workbook (legacy binary)
• .ppt PowerPoint Presentation (legacy binary)
• .md Markdown Document
• .rtf Rich Text Format
• .pages Apple Pages Document
• .odt OpenDocument Text
• .eml Email Message
• .key Apple Keynote Presentation
• .msg Outlook Message
• .xlsm Excel Macro-Enabled Workbook
• .numbers Apple Numbers Spreadsheet
• .indd Adobe InDesign Document
• .ods OpenDocument Spreadsheet
• .vsdx Microsoft Visio Drawing
• .pst Outlook Personal Storage Table
• .pub Microsoft Publisher Document
• .odp OpenDocument Presentation
• .sketch Sketch Design Document
• .docm Word Macro-Enabled Document
• .mpp Microsoft Project Plan
• .chm Compiled HTML Help
• .xd Adobe XD Document
• .one OneNote Section
• .dotx Word Template (Open XML)
• .wpd WordPerfect Document

E-books

• .epub Electronic Publication
• .mobi Mobipocket Ebook
• .azw3 Kindle Format 8
• .cbz Comic Book Archive (ZIP)
• .cbr Comic Book Archive (RAR)
• .djvu DjVu Scanned Document

Programs and installers

• .exe Windows Executable
• .apk Android Application Package
• .msi Windows Installer Package
• .dll Dynamic Link Library
• .sh Shell Script
• .deb Debian Software Package
• .jar Java Archive
• .bat Windows Batch File
• .pkg macOS Installer Package
• .ps1 PowerShell Script
• .ipa iOS Application Archive
• .rpm RPM Package
• .appimage AppImage Portable Application

Fonts

• .ttf TrueType Font
• .otf OpenType Font
• .woff2 Web Open Font Format 2
• .woff Web Open Font Format

Images

• .jpg JPEG Image
• .png Portable Network Graphics
• .jpeg JPEG Image (four-letter form)
• .heic High Efficiency Image Container
• .webp WebP Image
• .gif Graphics Interchange Format
• .psd Adobe Photoshop Document
• .svg Scalable Vector Graphics
• .ai Adobe Illustrator Artwork
• .avif AV1 Image File Format
• .tiff Tagged Image File Format
• .raw Camera Raw Image
• .ico Windows Icon
• .eps Encapsulated PostScript
• .heif High Efficiency Image File Format
• .bmp Windows Bitmap
• .dng Digital Negative
• .cr2 Canon Raw Version 2
• .jfif JPEG File Interchange Format
• .nef Nikon Electronic Format
• .arw Sony Alpha Raw
• .dcm DICOM Medical Image
• .xcf GIMP Image

Video

• .mp4 MPEG-4 Part 14 Video
• .mov QuickTime Movie
• .mkv Matroska Video
• .avi Audio Video Interleave
• .srt SubRip Subtitle
• .webm WebM Video
• .ts MPEG Transport Stream
• .wmv Windows Media Video
• .mpg MPEG-1 / MPEG-2 Video
• .m4v iTunes Video
• .vtt WebVTT Caption
• .swf Shockwave Flash Movie
• .mts AVCHD Video
• .vob DVD Video Object
• .flv Flash Video
• .ass Advanced SubStation Alpha Subtitle