At One Place

Graphite

Density of graphite
2,200 kg/m³ (1,700–2,260)
2.20 g/cm³ · 137.3 lb/ft³

Chemically identical to diamond and its exact opposite in behaviour: carbon in flat sheets that slide over one another, which is why it is Mohs 1.5, marks paper, and works as a dry lubricant where oil would burn off. The density spread here covers the difference between the mineral at 2090-2260 kg/m³ and manufactured graphite blocks at 1700-1900, which are porous. It does not melt at atmospheric pressure — it sublimes above 3600 °C — and it is one of the few materials that gets stronger as it gets hotter, up to about 2500 °C.

Properties

Density
2,200 kg/m³ (1,700–2,260) — 2.20 g/cm³
Tensile strength
20–40 MPa
Young's modulus
10 GPa
Thermal conductivity
120 W/(m·K)
Hardness
1.5 Mohs
Thermal expansion
5 µm/(m·K)
Floats in water
No
Magnetic
No

What it is used for

  • Pencil leads and dry lubricant
  • Electrodes for arc furnaces and EDM
  • Lithium-ion battery anodes
  • Crucibles and casting moulds

How it compares

Water is 1,000 kg/m³. Anything with a shorter bar than water floats in it.

air 1.2 kg/m³
expanded polystyrene foam 20 kg/m³
rigid polyurethane foam 40 kg/m³
Water — the float line 1,000 kg/m³
graphite 2,200 kg/m³
tungsten 19,250 kg/m³
gold 19,300 kg/m³
platinum 21,450 kg/m³
Water is 1,000 kg/m³. Anything below that floats.
Material Density Relative to water
rigid polyurethane foam 40 kg/m³ 0.04×
expanded polystyrene foam 20 kg/m³ 0.02×
air 1.2 kg/m³ 0.00×
graphite ← 2,200 kg/m³ 2.20×
platinum 21,450 kg/m³ 21.45×
gold 19,300 kg/m³ 19.30×
tungsten 19,250 kg/m³ 19.25×

Does it rust?

Graphite contains no iron, so it cannot rust. Whether it degrades depends on the material, not on oxidation.

Is it magnetic?

Graphite is not a metal and has no ferromagnetic response.

Common questions

What is the density of graphite?
2,200 kg/m³ (1,700–2,260), or 2.20 g/cm³.
Does graphite float?
No. At 2,200 kg/m³ it is denser than water.
Is graphite magnetic?
Graphite is not a metal and has no ferromagnetic response.

Related pages

Sources

  1. Typical range compiled from manufacturer specifications — At One Place

How these figures are compiled and checked