Graphite
Chemically identical to diamond and its exact opposite in behaviour: carbon in flat sheets that slide over one another, which is why it is Mohs 1.5, marks paper, and works as a dry lubricant where oil would burn off. The density spread here covers the difference between the mineral at 2090-2260 kg/m³ and manufactured graphite blocks at 1700-1900, which are porous. It does not melt at atmospheric pressure — it sublimes above 3600 °C — and it is one of the few materials that gets stronger as it gets hotter, up to about 2500 °C.
Properties
- Density
- 2,200 kg/m³ (1,700–2,260) — 2.20 g/cm³
- Tensile strength
- 20–40 MPa
- Young's modulus
- 10 GPa
- Thermal conductivity
- 120 W/(m·K)
- Hardness
- 1.5 Mohs
- Thermal expansion
- 5 µm/(m·K)
- Floats in water
- No
- Magnetic
- No
What it is used for
- Pencil leads and dry lubricant
- Electrodes for arc furnaces and EDM
- Lithium-ion battery anodes
- Crucibles and casting moulds
How it compares
Water is 1,000 kg/m³. Anything with a shorter bar than water floats in it.
| Material | Density | Relative to water |
|---|---|---|
| rigid polyurethane foam | 40 kg/m³ | 0.04× |
| expanded polystyrene foam | 20 kg/m³ | 0.02× |
| air | 1.2 kg/m³ | 0.00× |
| graphite ← | 2,200 kg/m³ | 2.20× |
| platinum | 21,450 kg/m³ | 21.45× |
| gold | 19,300 kg/m³ | 19.30× |
| tungsten | 19,250 kg/m³ | 19.25× |
Does it rust?
Graphite contains no iron, so it cannot rust. Whether it degrades depends on the material, not on oxidation.
Is it magnetic?
Graphite is not a metal and has no ferromagnetic response.
Common questions
- What is the density of graphite?
- 2,200 kg/m³ (1,700–2,260), or 2.20 g/cm³.
- Does graphite float?
- No. At 2,200 kg/m³ it is denser than water.
- Is graphite magnetic?
- Graphite is not a metal and has no ferromagnetic response.
Related pages
- Does graphite float? No
- Concrete 2,400 kg/m³
- Brick 1,900 kg/m³
- Gypsum board (drywall) 700 kg/m³
- Tungsten carbide 14,900 kg/m³
- Reinforced concrete 2,500 kg/m³
- Porcelain 2,400 kg/m³
- Plaster 1,100 kg/m³
- Silicon carbide 3,210 kg/m³
Sources
- Typical range compiled from manufacturer specifications — At One Place