How reaction time changes with age
How reaction time changes with age
190 ms–400 ms
Reaction — a decision, via the brain
Reaction time improves through childhood, reaches its fastest somewhere in the early to mid twenties, holds roughly flat through the thirties and then slows gradually, with the decline steepening after about sixty. Choice reaction slows considerably more with age than simple reaction does, which points at decision speed rather than nerve conduction as the thing that changes. The between-person spread at any age is far larger than the average change across four decades.
The numbers
- Typical
- 250 ms
- Range
- 190 ms to 400 ms
- What it is
- Reaction — a decision, via the brain
- What is measured
- Simple visual reaction across the lifespan, from childhood to old age.
Why this is a reaction
A reaction is a decision: signal in, processing, movement out. The floor for a human is around 150 milliseconds, and anything measured below about 100 ms is anticipation rather than response.
Where it sits against everything else
Reflexes at the top, reactions in the middle, design values off the end of the scale.
Vestibulo-ocular reflex — Reflex 10 ms
Knee-jerk (patellar) reflex — Reflex 22 ms
Latency added by your screen and mouse — Physical limit 35 ms
Blink reflex — Reflex 40 ms
Withdrawal reflex — Reflex 90 ms
Time a jab takes to land — Physical limit 110 ms
Sprint start reaction — Reaction 140 ms
Simple tactile reaction time — Reaction 155 ms
Simple auditory reaction time — Reaction 170 ms
Professional gamer reaction time — Reaction 190 ms
Formula One start reaction — Reaction 200 ms
Simple visual reaction time — Reaction 250 ms
How reaction time changes with age — Reaction 250 ms
What sleep loss does to reaction time — Reaction 300 ms
What alcohol does to reaction time — Reaction 320 ms
Recognition reaction time — Reaction 340 ms
Choice reaction time — Reaction 380 ms
Time to hit a 95 mph fastball — Physical limit 400 ms
Time a goalkeeper has on a penalty — Physical limit 450 ms
Time to play a 90 mph delivery — Physical limit 500 ms
Driver reaction to an expected event — Reaction 850 ms
How it varies between people
| What | Typical | Range | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| What sleep loss does to reaction time | 300 ms | 250 ms–600 ms | Reaction |
| What alcohol does to reaction time | 320 ms | 260 ms–500 ms | Reaction |
Common questions
- How long is how reaction time changes with age?
- Typically 250 ms, with a real range of 190 ms to 400 ms. Simple visual reaction across the lifespan, from childhood to old age.
- Is that a reflex or a reaction?
- Reaction — a decision, via the brain. A reaction is a decision: signal in, processing, movement out. The floor for a human is around 150 milliseconds, and anything measured below about 100 ms is anticipation rather than response.
Related pages
- What sleep loss does to reaction time 300 ms
- What alcohol does to reaction time 320 ms
- A reflex is not a reaction Why one is 20 ms and the other 250
- Stopping distance at every speed Reaction distance plus braking distance, computed
- Measure your own reaction time Five attempts, median reported
Sources
- Typical range compiled from manufacturer specifications — At One Place