At One Place

What is a Guitar string made of?

What is a Guitar string made of?
A high-carbon steel core with a wrap of nickel or bronze — or, on a classical guitar, nylon.

Strings die from corrosion and from grime working into the windings, not from stretching — the sweat and skin oil that get into the gaps damp the vibration and flatten the harmonics, which is why a string sounds dull long before it breaks. Coated strings put a very thin polymer layer over the wrap to keep that out, lasting several times longer at some cost in brightness. Gut was the original material for both classical guitars and violins, and nylon replaced it during the Second World War when gut became unobtainable — a wartime substitution that turned out to be more stable in humidity and never went back.

Component by component

Every material is a choice, and the third column is the constraint that drove it.
Part Material Why that material
core high-carbon steel wire, round or hexagonal in section A hex core grips the wrap wire so it cannot slip; round cores are more flexible and warmer sounding but harder to make stable.
electric wrap nickel-plated steel, or pure nickel The pickup responds to magnetic material, so the wrap alloy changes the tone directly — pure nickel is warmer, steel brighter.
acoustic wrap phosphor bronze (about 92% copper, 8% tin) or 80/20 bronze Bronze is non-magnetic and irrelevant to a pickup but bright and resonant acoustically; phosphor bronze corrodes more slowly.
classical strings nylon monofilament trebles, and silver-plated copper wound on nylon floss basses Nylon at classical tension puts a fraction of the load on the top that steel does — a steel-strung classical guitar tears itself apart.
ball end a brass or steel ferrule with the string wound around it It anchors the string at the bridge; classical strings have no ball end because they are tied.

Other musical instruments objects

Common questions

What is a Guitar string made of?
A high-carbon steel core with a wrap of nickel or bronze — or, on a classical guitar, nylon.
What is the core of a Guitar string made of?
High-carbon steel wire, round or hexagonal in section. A hex core grips the wrap wire so it cannot slip; round cores are more flexible and warmer sounding but harder to make stable.
What is the electric wrap of a Guitar string made of?
Nickel-plated steel, or pure nickel. The pickup responds to magnetic material, so the wrap alloy changes the tone directly — pure nickel is warmer, steel brighter.

Related pages

Sources

  1. Typical range compiled from manufacturer specifications — At One Place

How these figures are compiled and checked