At One Place

What is a Lipstick made of?

What is a Lipstick made of?
Castor oil carrying pigment, set into a stick with waxes — the oil is the workhorse, not the colour.

A long-wear lipstick works on a different principle from a classic bullet: it is a volatile silicone or isododecane solvent carrying film-forming polymers and pigment, which deposits a stain as the solvent evaporates, and the gloss is added back on top separately. Trace lead in lipstick has been repeatedly tested by the US FDA, which found levels far below any level of concern and set a recommended maximum of 10 ppm — the lead is a contaminant of mineral pigments rather than an ingredient. The other persistent question is simpler to answer: carmine is on the label as CI 75470 or cochineal extract, and its presence is the usual reason a red lipstick is not vegan.

Component by component

Every material is a choice, and the third column is the constraint that drove it.
Part Material Why that material
oil phase castor oil, with lanolin, esters or silicone oils, 40-60% Castor oil is unusually good at dissolving and dispersing the organic pigments used in lipstick, and it dries to a glossy film.
wax structure carnauba, candelilla, beeswax and ozokerite, 10-20% The waxes are what let a soft oil paste stand up as a stick and survive a warm handbag without slumping.
colour iron oxides, titanium dioxide, and organic dyes precipitated onto insoluble lakes A lake is a dye locked onto a mineral particle so it colours the lip surface without staining through it.
red pigment carmine, from cochineal insects, in many classic reds No synthetic red of comparable safety and blue-red tone has fully replaced it, which is why many lipsticks are not vegan.
finish modifiers mica and synthetic fluorphlogopite for shimmer, silica for matte Matte formulas are the same base with more powder and less oil, which is why they last longer and feel drier.

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Common questions

What is a Lipstick made of?
Castor oil carrying pigment, set into a stick with waxes — the oil is the workhorse, not the colour.
What is the oil phase of a Lipstick made of?
Castor oil, with lanolin, esters or silicone oils, 40-60%. Castor oil is unusually good at dissolving and dispersing the organic pigments used in lipstick, and it dries to a glossy film.
What is the wax structure of a Lipstick made of?
Carnauba, candelilla, beeswax and ozokerite, 10-20%. The waxes are what let a soft oil paste stand up as a stick and survive a warm handbag without slumping.

Related pages

Sources

  1. Official vendor product documentation — At One Place

How these figures are compiled and checked