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What is a Button made of?

What is a Button made of?
Usually cast polyester resin; the good ones are shell, nut or horn, and you can tell by touch and temperature.

The fastest test for a natural button is temperature: shell, horn and corozo feel cool and take a moment to warm, while polyester and nylon are at room temperature immediately. Shell buttons are also noticeably heavier than plastic and have subtle variations in grain across a card of them. The other giveaway is the way a garment is finished — a spare button and hand-sewn shanks on a jacket suggest the maker paid for materials elsewhere too. Buttonholes are a separate craft: the tiny keyhole shape on a jacket sleeve exists to let the shank of the button sit without straining the fabric.

Component by component

Every material is a choice, and the third column is the constraint that drove it.
Part Material Why that material
standard buttons unsaturated polyester resin, cast in rods and sliced It can be pigmented and patterned to imitate almost any natural material, then drilled and polished cheaply.
cheap buttons urea or melamine resin, ABS, or nylon Moulded thermoplastic buttons are the cheapest possible, but they scratch, and ABS ones melt against an iron.
shell buttons mother of pearl, cut from trocas or river mussel shell Nacre is hard, cool to the touch and iridescent; each button is slightly different because each shell is.
corozo the dried seed of the tagua palm, sometimes called vegetable ivory It is dense, takes dye deeply and machines like ivory, which is why it is the traditional choice on good tailoring.
metal buttons zinc alloy, brass, or a covered shell over a base A shank button holds the fabric off the garment so a thick coat can close without the button being levered off.

Other clothing and kit objects

Common questions

What is a Button made of?
Usually cast polyester resin; the good ones are shell, nut or horn, and you can tell by touch and temperature.
What is the standard buttons of a Button made of?
Unsaturated polyester resin, cast in rods and sliced. It can be pigmented and patterned to imitate almost any natural material, then drilled and polished cheaply.
What is the cheap buttons of a Button made of?
Urea or melamine resin, ABS, or nylon. Moulded thermoplastic buttons are the cheapest possible, but they scratch, and ABS ones melt against an iron.

Related pages

Sources

  1. Typical range compiled from manufacturer specifications — At One Place

How these figures are compiled and checked